Fri Nov 04 2022

82 articles - From Friday Oct 28 2022 to Friday Nov 04 2022

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Guidelines

Guidelines, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

N Engl J Med

Prescribing Opioids for Pain - The New CDC Clinical Practice Guideline.

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Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews


Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Ann Intern Med

Challenged Urine Bicarbonate Excretion as a Measure of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Function in Cystic Fibrosis.

Although further studies are needed to address the performance and sensitivity of this approach, this early-stage evaluation shows that challenged urine bicarbonate excretion may offer a new, simple, and safe quantification of CFTR function and the extent of its pharmacologic improvement. Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor partially restores renal CFTR function in patients with CF, likely resulting in decreased risk for electrolyte disorders and metabolic alkalosis. Primary funding source Innovation Fund Denmark.

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Comparative Effectiveness and Safety Between Apixaban, Dabigatran, Edoxaban, and Rivaroxaban Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation : A Multinational Population-Based Cohort Study.

Among patients with AF, apixaban use was associated with lower risk for GIB and similar rates of ischemic stroke or systemic embolism, ICH, and all-cause mortality compared with dabigatran, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban. This finding was consistent for patients aged 80 years or older and those with chronic kidney disease, who are often underrepresented in clinical trials. Primary funding source None.

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In acute ischemic stroke, early IV tenecteplase was noninferior to alteplase for excellent functional outcome.

2022; 400:161-9. 35779553.

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In acute ischemic stroke, thrombectomy was not noninferior to alteplase + thrombectomy for 90-d functional independence.

2022; 400:104-15. 35810756.

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In acutely ill inpatients, benefits and harms of anticoagulants for VTE prophylaxis were assessed.

2022; 378:e070022. 35788047.

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In adults using oral anticoagulants, PPI use may be associated with lower risk for upper GI bleeding.

e8. 35679879.

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In ASCVD, moderate-intensity statin + ezetimibe was noninferior to high-intensity statin alone at 3 y.

202; 400:380-90. 35863366.

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In asymptomatic adults, a COVID-19 Ag-RDT with combined nasal and throat samples had 82% to 89% positive percent agreement.

Source citation Goodall BL, LeBlanc JJ, Hatchette TF, et al Microbiol Spectr. 2022; 10:e0021722 35762772.

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In degenerative meniscal tears, PT was noninferior to arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for knee function at 5 y.

2022; 5:e2220394. 35802374.

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In hospitalized adults with fever, fever therapy does not reduce mortality or serious adverse events.

2022; 378:e069620. 35820685.

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Recommendations for pharmacologic management of IBS with constipation.

2022; 163:118-36. 35738724.

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Recommendations for pharmacologic management of IBS with diarrhea.

2022; 163:137-51. 35738725.

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Ticagrelor-Aspirin Versus Clopidogrel-Aspirin Among CYP2C19 Loss-of-Function Carriers With Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack in Relation to Renal Function: A Post Hoc Analysis of the CHANCE-2 Trial.

Patients with normal, rather than impaired, renal function received greater benefit from ticagrelor-aspirin versus clopidogrel-aspirin. Primary funding source Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China.

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Lancet

Elective surgery system strengthening: development, measurement, and validation of the surgical preparedness index across 1632 hospitals in 119 countries.

Hospitals should perform annual self-assessment of their surgical preparedness to identify areas that can be improved, create resilience in local surgical systems, and upscale capacity to address elective surgery backlogs. Funding National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery, NIHR Academy, Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel Research UK, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, and Medtronic.

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Routine sterile glove and instrument change at the time of abdominal wound closure to prevent surgical site infection (ChEETAh): a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial in seven low-income and middle-income countries.

We suggest that it should be widely implemented into surgical practice around the world. Funding National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Clinician Scientist Award, NIHR Global Health Research Unit Grant, Mölnlycke Healthcare.

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N Engl J Med

Brentuximab Vedotin with Chemotherapy in Pediatric High-Risk Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

The addition of brentuximab vedotin to standard chemotherapy resulted in superior efficacy, with a 59% lower risk of an event or death, and no increase in the incidence of toxic effects at 3 years. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others; AHOD1331 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02166463.).

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Covid-19 Vaccine Protection among Children and Adolescents in Qatar.

Vaccination in children was associated with modest, rapidly waning protection against omicron infection. Vaccination in adolescents was associated with stronger, more durable protection, perhaps because of the larger antigen dose. (Funded by Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar and others.).

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Early Amino Acids in Extremely Preterm Infants and Neurodisability at 2 Years.

In infants with extremely low birth weight, extra parenteral amino acids at a dose of 1 g per day for 5 days after birth did not increase the number who survived free from neurodisability at 2 years. (Funded by the New Zealand Health Research Council and others; ProVIDe Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number, ACTRN12612001084875.).

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Neonatal Docosahexaenoic Acid in Preterm Infants and Intelligence at 5 Years.

In infants born before 29 weeks' gestation who had been enrolled in a trial to assess the effect of DHA supplementation on bronchopulmonary dysplasia, the use of an enteral DHA emulsion until 36 weeks of postmenstrual age was associated with modestly higher FSIQ scores at 5 years of age than control feeding. (Funded by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council and Nu-Mega Ingredients; N3RO Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number, ACTRN12612000503820.).

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Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adolescents with Obesity.

Among adolescents with obesity, once-weekly treatment with a 2.4-mg dose of semaglutide plus lifestyle intervention resulted in a greater reduction in BMI than lifestyle intervention alone. (Funded by Novo Nordisk; STEP TEENS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04102189.).

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Racial and Ethnic Differences in Bystander CPR for Witnessed Cardiac Arrest.

In witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Black and Hispanic persons were less likely than White persons to receive potentially lifesaving bystander CPR at home and in public locations, regardless of the racial or ethnic makeup or income level of the neighborhood where the cardiac arrest occurred. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.).

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Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibition in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease.

Among patients with advanced and progressive chronic kidney disease, the discontinuation of RAS inhibitors was not associated with a significant between-group difference in the long-term rate of decrease in the eGFR. (Funded by the National Institute for Health Research and the Medical Research Council; STOP ACEi EudraCT number, 2013-003798-82; ISTRCTN number, 62869767.).

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Safety and Efficacy of a Monoclonal Antibody against Malaria in Mali.

(Funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; ClinicalTrials. gov number, NCT04329104.).

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Single-Dose Psilocybin for a Treatment-Resistant Episode of Major Depression.

In this phase 2 trial involving participants with treatment-resistant depression, psilocybin at a single dose of 25 mg, but not 10 mg, reduced depression scores significantly more than a 1-mg dose over a period of 3 weeks but was associated with adverse effects. Larger and longer trials, including comparison with existing treatments, are required to determine the efficacy and safety of psilocybin for this disorder. (Funded by COMPASS Pathfinder; EudraCT number, 2017-003288-36; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03775200.).

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Ann Intern Med

In These Uncaring Times, Will Physicians Lead Us Back to Our Better Angels?

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Lancet

After 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, translating One Health into action is urgent.

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Global heating: an urgent call for action to protect health.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: health at the mercy of fossil fuels.

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The legacy of the COVID-19 pandemic for childhood vaccination in the USA.

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N Engl J Med

Are We Too Reliant on Radiation Therapy for Children with Hodgkin's Lymphoma?

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Audio Interview: Assessing the Effect of Vaccination and Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

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Audio Interview: Caring for Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19.

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Monoclonal Antibodies against Malaria.

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Noninvasive Respiratory Support for Adults with Acute Respiratory Failure.

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Parenteral Protein in Extremely Preterm Infants - More Is Not Better.

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Psilocybin in Treatment-Resistant Depression.

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Social Determinants of Sudden Cardiac Death.

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Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Ann Intern Med

Annals On Call - Understanding Benign Neutropenia.

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Lancet

Bacterial infection possibly causing autoimmunity: Tropheryma whipplei and membranous nephropathy.

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Changing gloves and switching instruments to decrease surgical site infection in abdominal surgery.

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The relationship between climate change, health, and the humanitarian response.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

N Engl J Med

A Shear Decline.

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A Shear Decline.

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Case 33-2022: An 11-Year-Old Girl with Redness of the Eyes.

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Climate, Pollution, and Children's Health.

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Is It Burnout or Depression? Expanding Efforts to Improve Physician Well-Being.

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Medical Malpractice Law - Doctrine and Dynamics.

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Medicare's National Coverage Determination for Aducanumab - A One-Off or a Pragmatic Path Forward?

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Mental Health Implications of Abortion Restrictions for Historically Marginalized Populations.

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Migraine - Patient Perspectives.

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Monkeypox - A Sobering Sentinel for Pandemic Preparedness and Sexual Health System Capacity.

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Necrotizing Myositis.

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Pharmaceutical Marketing Revisited - United States v. Biogen Idec.

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Scaphoid Shift Test in Scapholunate Ligament Injury.

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Spontaneous Hyphema.

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The Worst Thing.

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The Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome.

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What Covid Has Taught the World about Ethics.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Ann Intern Med

A Longitudinal Study of COVID-19 Sequelae and Immunity.

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A Longitudinal Study of COVID-19 Sequelae and Immunity.

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N Engl J Med

Lesions of the Ovary and Fallopian Tube.

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Lesions of the Ovary and Fallopian Tube. Reply.

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Lower versus Higher Glycemic Criteria for Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes.

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Lower versus Higher Glycemic Criteria for Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes.

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Lower versus Higher Glycemic Criteria for Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes.

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Lower versus Higher Glycemic Criteria for Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes.

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Lower versus Higher Glycemic Criteria for Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes. Reply.

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Prevalence of Mismatch-Repair Deficiency in Rectal Adenocarcinomas.

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Spina Bifida.

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Spina Bifida. Reply.

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Teclistamab in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma.

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Teclistamab in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma.

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Teclistamab in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma. Reply.

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Total Knee Arthroplasty after Gene Therapy for Hemophilia B.

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Vitamin D and Incident Fractures.

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Vitamin D and Incident Fractures.

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Vitamin D and Incident Fractures.

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Vitamin D and Incident Fractures.

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Vitamin D and Incident Fractures. Reply.

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Vitamin D and Incident Fractures. Reply.

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